FTP passive mode: why your firewall breaks it
FTP logs in fine and then the directory listing hangs. The data channel needs its own ports. Here is the passive range to declare, and the firewall rule.
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File transfer protocols, from Kermit to rsync
Kermit turns 45 and just shipped a new release. The story of file transfer, from noisy phone lines to FTP behind NAT, and why rsync and SFTP won.